Expanding and contracting rotary reamer



- Dec.. 2l 1926.

c. R. sAMUELsoN EXPANDING `AND CONTRACTING ROTARY REAMER Filled June 2,1925 2 sheets-smet 1 Mmmm@ ..HMUMIJM fqfornley Dec. 21 1926.

` Ac. R. svAMuELsoN EXPANDINGAND .CONTRACTING ROTARY REAMER 2Sheets-Share?.

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Fil'erd June 2, 1925 ,V/fern y Patented l, Dec. `),21, 1926.J

I UNITED STA canna. sAMnLsoN, yon PRTLAND, onneon.

v Tiss PATENT o 41,611,282 FFics. l,

EXPANDING Nn CONTRACTING .ROTARY BEAMER apicauon mea .Tune 2,

,My device isligenerally used `:ln con ju11cdy tion with welldrillingwhere a casing 1s -inserted and progressed in the well whichis that willwork by automatic means after the in and through the sameV it isabsolutely nec-- being' made, Since the drilling .operation is carriedon beyond the casing and from w1thessary that expanding'means beprovided bit has'passed below the lowest 'point of the .casing which maybe several hundred or thousand feet belo.w 'the surface of the ground.Under such conditions, means must be' supplied that will not easily getout -of order. My invention is intended for use in drilling operationswherein drills of the rotary type are preferably used and is especiallyadapted for use where a casingor wellv cribbing is'being placed as thehole is reamed or enlarged. g 'A further object of vmy inventioncons1sts in an expanding and contracting' rotary reamer cutter, thecutting jawsof which eX- 1 pandirig the same-, and when so expanded, to

ings which accompany and form apart of Fig. a partial a'ssembly. view.

maintain thesame in an absolutely rigid condition. It is not possibleto\collapse the sampJ until the sloping surfaces contacting with theinner surfaces of the cutterq'aws have been released from contacttherewith. With these and incidental obiects'in view., the inventionconsists in certain novel fea- ,tures `of construction and combinationof '.parts, the essential elements of which are set .forth in `theappendedclaimsfand to a preferredform of embodiment of whichishereinafter shown'with reference to the draws the specification.

In the drawings: 1 v g Fig. Lis a side elevation,' showing theapplication of my invention as used' in the drilling and reamingoperation.. a Fig. 2. is atransverse sectionalview of'my device,illustrating thereaming and cutting jaws in inoperative position. Fig. 3is a. transverse, sectional view. illus-.- trating the reamingand,cutting aws vili op# erative position. V

Serial'Nlo. 34,322. f

l) V l Fig. 5 lis a cross section view taken on h ne 5 5 ofFig; 2,looking in the directlon 1ndicated. I

Fig. 6 1s an enlarged'cross sectlon view,

taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction indicated.

Fig.

the method of assembly used in assembling the device. 51

Fig. 8 is an inside shells..

7 isa side elevation, illustrating a lpart of the units and isy made tovillustrate view of one of theisplit".

Like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the severalviews.

My invention consists broadly of upper and lower head members'l and 2,adapted .to a screw connection on the outer ends of the same tolthedrilling stem', which has been omitted from the drawings for thepurpose of clearness. The outer ends of the head members are, adapted tothreadirg engage-" I ment Iwith split shell members 3. and .4,

which are held in intimate engagement along their medial lines `by thethreadingof the two head members thereupon, but as an add- -ed safetyand'to strengthen the same the shell members are held together by -tworing bands 5 and 6. The' split shell sides form the frame inl which thecutting jaws split al@ supported and the housingv into which the fullfloating' automatic .actuating mechanism is placed for the distendin'gofthe cutting jaws by hydraulicv means under pressure.

In drilling operations it is the general practice to use' casing as thedrilling stem through which the pumped under pressure the same. beingdischarged at, or near the head, or point of the drillingbit and thereturn of the pumped operating liquid is liquid carries the drilledvparticles under suspension within the pumped liquid to the surface fromwhere the-drilling operations are carried o n. My. device is connectedto.

the drilling stem on its uppert end by the` threaded screw, joint 7, andto the split shell members by the threaded engage.-

ment. as shown at 9..the head member .is l hollow as shown at 8. andadapted -to ythe -passage of the liquid being 'pumped'there-.s

through bythe same passing throughfthe .fhollow'oating pistoned stem 10,having 'a longitudinal passage therethrough as shown' at 11. Thegland'nut 12, is adapted. to the upper ends of the split shells bythreaded l engagement. 14, and the gland nut 1*2, 'isso arranged thatsuitable packing material 15,

- may be compressed about the `pistoned stemv 10, to form a tighthydraulic packed gland between the 'upper end of the split shell membersand the pistoned stem.

head member is recessedout as shown at 13, for the reception of the'head of the gland nut 12 therein. The lower headmember 2, is adapted tothe split shell members by threading engagement as shown .at 16 and'hydraulic pressures' are being used in theoperating system.A The pistonand l'stem'are -normally held at the bottom of the 'stroke' through theaction of the coilv compression u spring 19, actingagainst the upper endof the piston and reacting against the lower ends ot' the split shellmembers 3 and 4. A cone shaped slidable head22, is adapted to theouterpist-oned stem and in slidable relation therewith, .the-same issmaller in diameter below the.head and has a recess 23, formed about therestricted diameter disposed below 'the` head and a split sleeve 24,"made in two sections, having rings24a and 25, formed within the sameadapted to fit within the recess 23, on its Aone end and' into a groovewithin the pistoned stem on the other, the object of the same being toform a flexible connection between ythe cone 40 shaped slidable headyand the pistoned stem. A compression coil spring 27, rests upon theshoulder 28, of the cone shaped slidable head on its one end and uponthe upper surface of' the Sleeve on the other end and there being aspace 30, between the lower end of the cone shaped slidable heads-22,and the upper end of the split sleeve 24, to'form a sliding engagementbetween the cone shaped slidable head and the-pistoned stem.` Thepurpose of this spring. and-sliding connection 'between the cone shapedhead and the pistoned stem is to provide a flexible shock absorbingconnection therebetween, which would lessen thel danger of the drillingfjaws becoming 5 jammed or injuredwhen they are being eX- tended to 4anoperating position. The. central passage 11, through the pistoned stemterminates at its lower end in ports 31 and 32, adapted to dischargethefliquids under high pressures at the lower end of the piston head20,and the pressure within the cylinder Will cause the `piston and pistonedstem to rise to an operative position, and since the cone shapedslidable head is indirectly con- 5 nected tothe pistoned stem, the samewill be vstem terminati-ng in a horizontal opening 34, The upper`pistoned stein in the extreme low position,

out and thus permitting a release of the drilling jaws which are hingedthereabout.

raised within certain limits as the piston head is raised. A centralbleeder port 33 is formed near the lower end ot the pistoned the objectot1 which is to form an equali'z'ingy bleeder port for the drainage ot'thedrill stem and to equalize the pressures that will y result as thedrilling stem Vis partially or wholly removed from the well beingdrilled. A A band 35 disposed about the lower end'otl tfhe pistoned stemis adapted to close the out-A let ports leading therefrom excepting thatas the-pistonedstem is raised the ports 36,v disposed within the lowerend ofthe pistoned stem'are raised'clear ot the band 35, and the pumpedliquid flows through the cleared ports and is discharged' within thevlower drilling stem not here shown and to which the drilling bit orhead is attached. Thisposition is bestshown in Fig. 3. The drillingjaws, as four in number, are shown in Fig. to be in the inoperativeposition with the cone shapedslidable head and the but the same areshown in Fig. 3, to bein raised-position wherein the sloping surface 37,of the cone shaped slidable head has .contacted with the lower endsofthe inner surfaces ot lthe drilling jaws 38, and distended the lowerends of the same.1 These drilling jaws are preferably made ofrectangular lstock, that may be shaped at the location of the work andmay be made by a smith or. other skilled'worker without the necessity ofhighly skilled mechanics or experts for this class of work. :"When thepumping pressure is cut off the pistoned stem will be 'returned to thelow position .as shownl in Fig. 2, through the action of the compressionspring 19 and the cone shaped sliding' 105 head will be lowered and outof intimate contact with the drilling jaws, which will -be returned tothe normally inactive position. `Whe`n `the drilling stem is raised tothe extent that the drilling jaws contact with the well casing andas thedrill-ing steml is raised the inner wall surfaces of the casing willreturn the drilling jaws to the normal position of being closed, ordrawn uinto the split side walls of the .support for the same. U5 Thedrilling jaws 38, are hinged about the pins 39, and the pins aremaintained within drilled holes 40 placed within the wall struc- 'tureot the split shell members. These pins are so arranged in, position thatvthe -sa-'me 120 f tend to lock each other in place when the Y completedunit has been assembled thus precluding anypossibility ot the samefalling' The arrangement of these pins is best shown in 'Fig'. 6.wherein the pins 39 are plain cylindrical members inserted in positionand thereafter the V pins 39a are placed \in position and the projectingneck 39b crosses the unclosed openingthrough which the pin 39 wasentered thus locking the same in position.. Small openings 40a connectvwith the' larger opening into which the pins 39 are 5.asecured, thuspermitting the insertion of a certain limlts.

dislodging pin therein to dislodge .the pinfor remoy'al to ermit oftheremoval 'of the drllhng -jawslorrenewal or replacement. 1 The drllhngjaws may be distcnded-n'ithin by the Acontacting of the wing section 4lof the drilling jaws having a sloping surface- 42'adapted to senat uponthe-sloping surface 43, of thefwall structure. The limits' of dis` 1,5tcntion are determinedl by the location' of f zo these contactingsloping surfaces land `the diameter of the conical sliding head, eitherof which may be Varied to meet the operat ing conditio A l p The ringbands which. are preferably placed inposition about the split shellmembers by a pressed t `may be further locked rin position by theapplicationof set screws 44 and 45, where one half of the `set screw 25.engages the body portion of the split shell member, and the other halfengages with one or both ends 'of lthe-ring band. The set screws may-bethreaded int-o ethe splitshell members to a depth greater than thatofthe i thickness ofthe 1ing band.

While theform of mechanism herein shown and described is adapted tofulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to befunder- -stood that itis'not-intendedA to confine `the ".35 invention to the :one formolf-embodiment herein shown and described, as it is 'susceptibleofiembodlment 1n Varlous forms,l all coming within the scope of theclaimsY which -v per and lower head members adapted to'.

. -placed about said'pistoned stem and adapt-- ed to return said stem toits normal posi-t followsv What I claimisk lf. An expanding andcontracting lrotary.

reamer', comprising split shell members, up-

threaded engagement with the split shell members, ring bands disposedabout the split shell members and. in pressed relation there` with,ahollow pistoned stem running lengthwise of the assembled heads andsplitv shell members and adapted to movement in one direction by aliquid under pressure, aspring tion when the liquid pressure isreleased, a slidable' head disposed about the pistoned stem and adaptedl-to distenddrillingjaws maintained in hinged relationshipwithin thesplit shell memberswhenvthe pistoned `stem is actuatedby a'liquidpressure.. .2. An expanding-and'contracting rotary reamer, ompri'sing a'body portion formed of split s i ell members and upper and lower headmembers, said body portion adapted to threaded enga/gement with adrillingA stem of. the rotary'type, a hollow pistoned stem disposedwithin the body portion having The limits are determined- .portl outletsleading. therefrom,`- saidV pis,-l 4 toned stem 'norlmally held in lowposition with the port outlets closed and adapted to v i be actuate intoraised position'by ihydraulic pressure. and to'open said ports whensoactuated, automatic means for return-ing the pistonedbstem to normalposition upon the d 'release of the hydraulic pressure; and drillingjaws pivotally mounted within the body portion and adapted to bedistended therefrom by` said pistoned .stem when saidl stem',A is .in araised position.`

3.v An.I .expanding and contract-ing rotary low pistoned stem-disposedwithih'the body portion adapted' to be reciprocate@ therein,

'reamer, comprisiuga body portion -adapt- 'ed to engage with thedrilling stem,a holport outlets disposed at the lower end of the.`

pistoned stem, said port outlets being normally clsedby an encirclingband disposed in fixed position within the body portion,

'hydraulic pressure means -for reciprocating .the p1stoned stem 1n onedirection and a compression spring for returning the same to normalposition and means about the pistoned stem adapted to vdistend drillingjaws hinged'within the body portion when the pistoned stemf-isreciprocated bythe 'hydraulic pressure means.

4. 'An expanding and-contracting rotary reamer comprising split shellmembers semembers, ring bands disposed about, said shell members4 and inpressed relationship therewith, a. pistoned stem slidably maintainedwithin said shell, longitudinal slots disposed in the walls of saidshell members, drilling jaws. pivotally maintained in4 sald slots,a'cone shaped headmouted on said pistoned stemyand adapted 'to' engagewlth and swing said' drilling jaws voutwardly Iwhen said pistoned stemis in'ia raised position.

5. .An lexpandingand cbntracting rotary mounted about said pistoned stemin limited l slidable relationship' therewith, a compres- .curedtogether by upper and. lower head sion spring placedaboutsaid pistonedstem,

and adapted to-maintain it in a normal lowerinoperative. position, andmeans to raise-said lpistoned stem' in'an operative position, 'and'tocause said conical head to con-l the "Same outwardly Comprlsm a Cylindervformed'in the lower head' mem er, apiston formed about the -lowerextremity oflsald so I,

A an'upper and 'a split shell members pistoned stem, ,and slidably4maintained in said cylinder,'and actuated byuid pressure. v

6. An expanding and contracting rotary reamer comprising spliti shellmembers, formed at their extremities lower head member secured to andabout'theextremities of the saids lit shell members and therewith, ringbandsv placed about said and in pressed ,relationhaving threads shiherewith; a pistoned stem mamtained within said-(shells, longitudinalslots formed -in the side Walls of said shell limited sliding motion oflstem,

in threaded. relations ip -1 slidably vcal head to engage faces ofsaidtoned stem and the base of the conical head,

said recesses adapted to receive the rings of the sleeves therein, and.the recess in the head being of a reater Wid'ththan the ring to bereceived"'terein, and a com ression spring disposed about conical head,and the other engaging with al shoulder 'of the sleeve; a compressionspring placed about said pistoned stem, and adapted ,to maintain itinaJnormal inoperative position and means to raise said pistoned stem to aposition to cause said coni- .with said drilling jaws and thereby swing'said jaws outward to "an operative position, comprising a cylinderformed in the lower h ead member, a piston form'ed about the extremityof the said pistoned stem, and

cylinder by fluid pressure. d

., CARL R. SAMUELSON said stem, an having" one end engaging with ashoulder of thc.- l

slidably actuated inv said 4U

